Implementation of Good Governance and Clean Governance Towards an Effective and Dignity Bureaucracy
M. Nasuhi
ABSTRACT
Government governance that
will lead to a good level must be continuously promoted and advertised. This campaign must be continuously carried out in order to
create a clean and authoritative government and
produce dignified officials. The implementation of good govenance is one of the
best concepts of offering a system in
democracy. The purpose of this research is to find out how the implementation
of good services carried out by the
state civil apparatus (ASN) in order to create a clean, dignified and good government. The method used in this
research is a deft interview, namely in-depth research or qualitative research.
Large organizations that run a bureaucratic system will usually
have strict procedures, regulations and rules so that their operational processes tend
to be less flexible. Today's bureaucracy is found
in government organizations, hospitals, companies,
schools, and the military.
Keywords: governance; good governance; ASN; regulation
INTRODUCTION
The word good government or good government is a word
that is familiar to the ears of the
bureaucracy (Indonesia). The framework or concept of good government in the
science of government is a must. Good
governance is one of the keys or foundations of the government in carrying out a good and professional
public service activity. The concept or framework of governance is not only intended to be internally oriented, but
also includes external aspects, as well
as outputs or results that will be targeted in a certain period, as well as
outcomes or impacts of the
implementation of good governance. Good governance is currently not only echoed
at the national level, but has been echoed at the international or global level (Duadji, 2019).
Government governance that will lead to a good level of course must be promoted and advertised continuously without stopping, and this campaign must continue to be carried out in order to create a clean and authoritative government and produce dignified officials. If we want a good, strong, clean, and transparent bureaucracy, of course it is necessary to implement relevant and comprehensive or comprehensive reform of the apparatus and bureaucracy (Zuhro, 2010).
This is in accordance with the thoughts and pouring of ideas as well as the results of research that has been carried out by (Hakim, 2016), which states that good and clean governance in Indonesia, especially those related to the development of modern society, is something that cannot be avoided, because good governance will come from one of them good thoughts or ideas.
The implementation of good governance is one of the best concepts of offering a system in democracy. This is because the implementation of good governance has a function to direct and provide good organizational guidelines in all kinds of activities (Permatasari, 2020). One of the elements of good governance is accountability for the success or failure of the implementation of programs, targets, and targets set by the government on a regular basis. One form of good governance is obtaining a fair opinion with an exception (Jauhari et al., 2019).
In recent years, the term good governance has hit all levels of society in all corners of the archipelago. The slogan of government reform that was once very popular and energetic has been widely used. However, the discourse of good governance can still survive today, and seems to be a symbol of Indonesia's entry into the global standard of living. Villagers who do not speak English can also be fluent in reciting good governance. We can easily witness or hear up close the polite and beautiful language of 'good governance' (Prianto, 2011).
To realize optimal good government, discipline enforcement efforts are needed in order to realize clean government, which is needed in order to realize the implementation of assigned tasks and achieve professionalism of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN). It is very unlikely that the enforcement of discipline can run well, if the discipline enforcers of the state civil apparatus themselves are undisciplined and unprofessional. ASN's indiscipline and unprofessionalism will greatly impact public services in the community (Probowati & Gunarto, 2017).
Thinking about clean governance management in organizations in one of the public sectors stems from the point of view or perspective that the form of responsiveness of leaders in good public leadership and providing good solutions to a problem is to comprehensively recognize the problem, carry out tasks well about themselves and themselves. effective, and have ideas and ideas about environmental conditions and aspirations in various problems and society(Kobalen & Bakti, 2019). This is in line with the research submitted by (Sunardi, 2018), namely, as civil servants who serve the needs of the community, ASN must also consider various inputs, if these inputs can be useful for public service in the future.
In recent years, massive development has been taking place in Indonesia, as well as international institutions engaged in providing development assistance and assistance, actively carrying out and promoting a paradigm shift in governance and development based on the conception of good and clean governance. The concept of good governance that emerged at the end of the 20th century was a response that emerged and developed in various countries (including Indonesia), including correcting the role of the government towards governance and implementation of development oriented to the mission of community empowerment in an effort to improve social welfare. economy, and political democratization (Rasul, 2009). This is in accordance with and in line with the results of research conducted by (Indrawati, 2012) whose research results are basically the development that is currently underway and its implementation being carried out by the current government has the aim of achieving a high level of people's prosperity and giving a fairly positive impact on the realization of various aspects that support clean and good governance.
To realize a clean, authoritative and dignified bureaucracy, the existence of a bureaucratic journey as a logical consequence of the main task of the state (government) to organize social welfare must continue to be carried out properly. In this case, the state must be involved in producing goods and services needed by its people (public goods and services) either directly or indirectly. Even under certain circumstances it is the state that decides what is best for its people.
For this reason, the state builds a bureaucratic administrative system that aims to serve the interests of its people, it must continue to be carried out properly. Bureaucratic administration for some people is interpreted as a complicated, difficult and annoying procedure. But for others, bureaucracy is understood from a positive perspective, namely as an effort to regulate and control people's behavior so that they are more orderly. Order in question is order in terms of managing various resources that distribute these resources to every member of the community fairly (Sulistio, 2013). The management must also show that good bureaucratic capabilities greatly affect the performance of the nation as a whole (Dewi, 2016).
The implementation of clean government must continue to be developed and must be able to bring changes in the bureaucratic system in Indonesia, why is that? Because changes in the mean seat or ideas and ideas implemented by the government indicate that changes or reforms in the bureaucracy and simplification in the government structure are in the process of structuring and processing data. This is for the realization of a clean and authoritative government. Moreover, if the bureaucratic arrangement supports local wisdom, it will certainly have a positive impact on excellent and dignified public services (Prayitno, 2020). This is in accordance with the results of research developed by (Rakhmat, 2013) who explained that the demands for bureaucratic reform towards a strong and clean bureaucracy for the government's target made the archipelago's bureaucracy towards a global bureaucracy, making the world of government bureaucracy unable to stand statically in the face of various challenges and increasingly dynamic environmental turmoil.
The world of public service that is being faced by society today is an increasingly complementary condition that is running so fast along with the paradigm shift of the adult public bureaucracy. The speed of responding to the needs of public services and trying to create an innovation or new creativity to become a bureaucracy that is relevant to the times.
So far, bureaucratic services have always been shown by public service problems that are not in line with public expectations. It is feared that this will damage the bureaucratic order when the government is active in improving good and targeted public services. A good bureaucracy is a bureaucracy full of innovation and creativity in creating good services for civilians (Djani, 2015).
Based on the brief description above, we are interested in studying more deeply about the implementation of good and effective government. With the implementation of good and clean governance, it will produce good, authoritative and dignified governance management. The purpose of this study is to find out how to implement and implement a clean and good government.
METHOD
The data sources of this research consist of
informants, events and documents. Informants
are people who are considered to know correctly a phenomenon that is the
object of research. Informants in
this study consisted of: Inside Government, namely the parties involved in the Bureaucratic Reform of the Regional
Government of East Lombok and Outside Government, namely the parties or groups of service
users, namely the general
public.
Then the events, namely the circumstances that occur related to this research, and the source of the document data in the form of secondary data obtained from research sites that have been determined. Data collection techniques in this study were Observation, Interview, and Documentation Techniques.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Basically, the bureaucracy aims
to serve the community or. There is also a bureaucracy that explains the meaning of an organizational structure that
has procedures, division of labor, hierarchy,
and impersonal relationships. Large organizations that run a bureaucratic
system will usually have strict procedures, regulations and rules so that
their operational processes tend to be less flexible. Bureaucracy is
currently found in many government organizations, hospitals, companies, schools, and the military. Although
there is an assumption that bureaucracy is synonymous
with inefficiency, waste, and laziness, in fact a bureaucratic system is needed
so that operational processes run
according to the rules that have been made together (Prawiro, 2018).
 |
Figure 1: Illustration of clean government Source: (Prawiro, 2018)
 |
Good bureaucracy also makes everything about service better
and more effective. The bureaucracy
that results from good management arrangements will of course also produce a good bureaucracy (Ibeng, 2021).
Figure 2: illustration of good and effective government Source:(Ibeng, 2021)
Good governance of a bureaucracy will certainly have
a significant impact on good public
services. Basically, research on good governance and clean governance has long
been a topic of discussion, and has
even slowly become a culture in government, both central and regional. In the description presented
above, that in implementing good governance and clean governance requires active participation from all levels of
society in the location. Without the active participation of the community, the implementation of a clean and authoritative government will never be carried
out properly. The principle of participation in clean governance certainly requires intensive
discussion from regional
leaders or local regional leaders. Participation here is like the
gathering of policy makers in certain deliberation at the (minimum) sub-district level. If this
planning deliberation is carried out properly, then every activity
whose output or outcome will certainly be maximized.
At each deliberation, namely the Musrenbang, of course there will be access or information
that will be resolved from each of these activities. This musrenbang activity
is very important to hold, because
ideas, ideas, positive
thinking patterns, creative
ideas, and discussions about what kind of development
direction will be realized in order to achieve a dignified government. This is important to carry out, because
the funding or funding that will be prepared
jointly by the users is beneficial for the sustainability of development in a
directed and sustainable manner. This is in accordance with what
was expressed by (Juwitasari, Nona, Linawati,
2019) that in order to create a clean and dignified government, joint
deliberation is needed to achieve
what you want to aspire to from the start, and this activity must involve all elements
or all parties.
In creating
a good and clean government and leading to a dignified
government, it certainly requires
the performance and hard work of all parties. The implementation that leads to the creation of a dignified government
must be pursued through good planning, regular
performance reports every period, reasonable economic growth through
planned activities, significant development of the human
development index (HDI), as well as the emergence of innovation, creativity and good governance. which has an orderly administration, well- organized development planning, and well-organized activities that will
become its annual agenda.
The existence of provisions or regulations relating to
dignified government has been described
in several studies on good governance and clean government. One of them is by (Hakim, 2016) who argues that a clean and
dignified government must be based on deliberation and consensus. It is a necessity that the existing provisions or
regulations must be implemented consistently
and sustainably, this is to provide a modern solution to a clean and
authoritative government that will produce a dignified government.
The development of a paradigm or thinking about a
clean and dignified government, emphasizing
good administrative services, as well as serving the community sincerely and selflessly. This condition or situation
must continue to be considered or implemented properly by the implementers of a policy. Especially with the current
concept of serving with sincerity and
avoiding extortion, this will be a real positive impact on the journey of
realizing good governance.
The paradigm or view that good governance is the best
system cannot be taken for granted, because
this requires proof by intensive
interviews and clearly
requires concrete evidence in terms of the results of the
performance of the state civil apparatus (ASN). Good governance also concerns
government management that is neat and orderly,
obeys the principles, and is fair. This will later
be connected with early prevention of corruption, both politically and administratively. Therefore, realizing a clean,
good and authoritative government requires a strong commitment and active
participation from all parties.
Likewise in
East Lombok, the realization of a dignified government is produced or realized from the pro-active ASN in the
East Lombok area. As the results of interviews with several ASN below:
“ASN in East Lombok are
slowly being able to realize a clean, good, and dignified government, because the apparatus supports
each other to realize good governance, as for
the shortcomings in several aspects, for example the improvement of discipline
that must be maintained, professionalism which is predicated quite well, must also be continue
to be improved, showing that the awareness of the state civil apparatus in maintaining professional ASN has gone
according to what is expected by the regional
leadership”. (interview with Selamet, 15 May 2021)
Likewise with other state civil servants,
stated that:
"To ensure the realization and implementation of good, clean and authoritative government, good and clean ASN is also needed, such as sweeping
a dirty floor, the broom must be
clean first, then the floor will be clean and the atmosphere of the room will
automatically be comfortable for cleaning. occupied". (interview
with Sikur District Secretary, Taufik Hidayat, 17 May
2021).
Meanwhile, other officials are of the opinion as follows:
"In realizing a dignified state apparatus that begins with a good government and clean government, of course, it must first begin with the nature and character of our leaders, as long as our leaders immediately respond to suggestions and ideas and ideas that we convey for regional progress. For ourselves, of course, we can realize the dream of realizing a dignified government slowly.” (interview with Head of Village Administration, Baiq Windi, 18 May 2021)
From the results of the information above with several
informants, namely three people, a common
thread can be drawn that the implementation of good governance involves
government management activities that
are responsible and in line with democracy and efficient bureaucratic mechanisms, as well as related to preventing corruption, both politically and politically. administratively. For this reason,
the paradigm of good governance can work well if the mechanism
of democracy is a system that underlies participation and can encourage a sense
of justice for the public interest.
In practice, the realization of clean government and
good governance that leads to an effective and dignified bureaucracy must of course be followed
by a good planning and supervisory
function and are continuously practiced, in order to create a clean and good
culture that is manifested every
time. Of course, this is done by means of how the leaders in each SKPD go directly to the community to ensure
the realization of good and clean governance (Sunardi, 2018).
In the East Lombok Regional Government as the research
location, the research team showed
that the implementation of good and clean governance depends on how the SKPD leaders or each department head go down to
absorb the aspirations in the field, which in the future is certainly expected to create input and suggestions for
improvement. bureaucracy to a dignified
bureaucracy. In addition, the self-awareness of bureaucrats who want to create
a dignified bureaucracy must also be
followed by subordinates (top down) who are ready to provide good services
for the creation of a clean and
good government.
The concept of a dignified bureaucracy actually seeks
to apply organizational principles that
are intended to improve administrative efficiency, even though bureaucracy
often causes bad effects. Usually complex and complicated administrative problems are found in large
The bureaucratic order in the East Lombok Regional
Government shows that changes in the
method of realizing a dignified bureaucracy must begin by referring to the SOP
or Standard Operating Procedures of each SKPD, because from this SOP it becomes
a reference or benchmark than the state civil apparatus
will work and produce
optimal performance.
Good governance arises with the desire or motivation to be achieved by the East Lombok Regional Government in order to organize good and clean governance. This is inseparable from the need for good synergy between academics and the bureaucracy that leads a region. A theory of development is certainly needed in developing the region, but the implementation of development activities is also important and much needed to make this happen (Prianto, 2011).
CONCLUSION
In the midst of the government's efforts to promote a healthy bureaucracy, there are also challenges that lead to maturity in formulating policies so that the implementation of a healthy and dignified bureaucracy can be realized. This study proves that theory and application cannot be separated and do not occur automatically, because they still require improvements to standard operating procedures or SOPs that need to involve stakeholders as a basis or reference in carrying out public services in order to create a dignified bureaucracy. Aspects that need to be considered in order to improve standard operating procedures or SOPs in public services include: mapping problems in the office and scheduling regular field visits, certainty of service schedules, service procedures, speed of service officers, discipline of service officers.
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